Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Stefania Bortolotti Author-Name-First: Stefania Author-Name-Last: Bortolotti Author-Email: stefania.bortolotti@unibo.it Author-Workplace-Name: University of Bologna & IZA Author-Name: Felix Kölle Author-Name-First: Felix Author-Name-Last: Kölle Author-Email: felix.koelle@uni-koeln.de Author-Workplace-Name: University of Cologne Author-Name: Ivan Soraperra Author-Name-First: Ivan Author-Name-Last: Soraperra Author-Email: soraperra@mpib-berlin.mpg.de Author-Workplace-Name: Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Center for Human and Machine, Berlin Author-Name: Matthias Sutter Author-Name-First: Matthias Author-Name-Last: Sutter Author-Email: matthias.sutter@coll.mpg.de Author-Workplace-Name: Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn & University of Cologne & University of Innsbruck Title: Social Risk, Fairness Types, and Redistribution Abstract: Inequality often arises from strategic interactions among individuals. This is so because risky investments can not only be resolved by chance (natural risk), but also by others’ actions (social risk). We study how these different sources of inequality shape fairness judgments and the level of redistribution in a controlled experiment with a total of 2,152 participants. We find significantly less inequality acceptance, and thus much more redistribution, under social risk. In addition to the well-known types of Libertarians, Egalitarians and Choice Egalitarians, we identify a novel, hitherto unnoticed, fairness type — Insurers — who always compensate unlucky risk-takers and are especially prevalent when one is let down by others rather than simply unlucky by chance. This suggests that impartial spectators view betrayal as more deserving of support than bad luck. Our findings show that fairness ideals depend jointly on risk-taking and the way in which risk is resolved, either by nature or another human actor, thus highlighting the important role of strategic interaction for fairness types and redistribution. Length: 50 Classification-JEL: C91, D63, D90 Keywords: Inequality, fairness views, social risk, redistribution, experiment Creation-Date: 2025-09 File-URL: https://www.econtribute.de/RePEc/ajk/ajkdps/ECONtribute_370_2025.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-Function: First version, 2025 Number: 370 Handle: RePEc:ajk:ajkdps:370